Prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Bacteroides forsythus in chronic periodontitis by multiplex PCR

Periodontitis is a common inflammatory and infectious disease which destroys the supporting structure of the teeth. Recent studies show that periodontal infection significantly increases the risk of some systemic diseases. It is generally accepted that bacterial species notably Porphyromonas gingivalis and Bacteroides fosythus are highly associated with periodontium. Molecular methods such as Multiplex PCR seem to be more sensitive and faster. Multiplex PCR alone can lower the limit of bacterial detection. Several pathogens can be detected simultaneously by this method. The Subgingival plaque samples from 61 patients including 34 women and 27 men in the age range of 24-69 years and an average age of 43 suffering from chronic periodontitis with probing depth of PD>/=6, and from 40 periodontally healthy controls including 22 women and 18 men in the age range of 21-69 years and an average age of 41.35 were collected by sterile curette. In this study, two species-specific forward primers were used in combination with a single reverse primer. The samples' DNA was extracted and Multiplex PCR was administered. Porphyromonas gingivalis was detected in 51 samples [81.61%] and 16 samples [40%] of the chronic periodontitis patients and the healthy subjects repectively. Moreover, Bacteroides forsythus was detected 32 samples [52.50%] of the chronic periodontitis patients but it was not detected in any of the samples from the healthy group. P. gingivalis and B. forsythus can be simultaneously detected using Multiplex PCR. The present data suggest that P. gingivalis is a more important factor in the etiology of chronic periodontitis. Further studies are needed to determine the spectrum of pathogenicity of the disease and effective management of diagnosis and treatment in order to decrease the risk of periodontal complications such as systemic infections

[Comparison of silk sutures and 2-ethyl-cyanoacrylate on wound closure following surgical crown lengthening using apically positioned flap surgery]

The use of cyanoacrylate tissue glue as an alternative to silk sutures has increased due to its various advantages. The purpose of this experimental study was to compare the clinical outcome of surgical crown lengthening using silk sutures and 2-ethyl-cyanoacrylate. Thirty-two individuals with no history of systemic diseases and good oral hygiene were selected from patients referred to the Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Following apically positioned flap surgery, the wounds were closed by silk sutures and 2-ethyl-cyanoacrylate in the control and experimental groups, respectively. Bleeding, pain and healing-time were evaluated 1, 2, 3, and 10 days postoperatively. Sign and Friedman tests were used for statistical analysis. A significant difference was observed in bleeding between the two groups at days 1 and 2 [P<0.01] but not days 3 and 10. In both groups, the bleeding index decreased significantly with time. Pain indices were significantly different between the two groups on the first and second days [P<0.01, P<0.05], but not the third and tenth days. Wound healing significantly improved in the test - as compared to the control group at day 10 [P<0.05]. The two groups showed no significant difference in terms of infection at day 10. The use of cyanoacrylate in crown lengthening surgery can improve wound healing and reduce bleeding and pain, especially compared to suturing techniques. However, the differences between these two methods decrease with time

Treatment of periimplantitis with an Er: YAG Laser and GBR. A case report

The increasing use of dental implants has led to a larger number of periimplant problems. Different therapeutic techniques have been suggested to restore the health of soft and hard tissues. The utilization of laser has been recently suggested for the preparation of implant surfaces and eradication of bacteria. Based on different investigations, there is no evidence of applying both guided bone regeneration [GBR] and laser techniques simultaneously for eradication of periimplant lesions. Bone loss was encountered on the mesial and distal surfaces of all implant before prosthetic loading in a female patient. Er:YAG laser and GBR by autogenous bone grafting were simultaneously applied for treatment of the defect. The prosthesis was fabricated and loaded after 4 months. The patient then received periodic clinical and radiographic examinations for 18 months, The bone defects on the mesial and distal surfaces resolved completely. There was no evidence of radiographic or clinical symptoms after 18 months